Document Abstract
This study explains uses electron and neutron diffraction techniques to study the crystallography and reciprocal space
of higher oxides of lanthanides. The significance of crystallography in comprehending the geometric configuration and bonding
of atoms in solids is discussed at the outset of the study. The comprehensive analysis of the crystal structures using accelerated
electrons and neutrons highlights the tremendous penetration power of these particles. While neutron diffraction is concerned
with plane incidence waves and their scattered counterparts, electron diffraction is concerned with electron generation pulsed by
a laser.Important findings show how experimental data may be used to validate Bragg's equation and show how scattering
angles, interplanar distance, and order of wavelength are related. To display the relationship between electron energy and
electron radiation per electron volt, energy distribution curves are displayed. Additionally, several crystal systems, such as
hexagonal, monoclinic, and cubic face-centered structures, are revealed by structural investigation of higher oxides of
lanthanides, such as terbium dioxide (Tb2O3).The talk emphasizes how, in contrast to other elements in the series, lanthanides
have special qualities that enable them to produce higher oxides with oxidation states greater than +3. The outcomes highlights
the improved precision and in-depth structural insights that come from combining electron and neutron diffraction methods.
This opens the door for more studies in the crystallography of complicated materials in the future.